Two letters apart, two different jobs. Both are required in modern homes, and both can be added to older ones.
GFCI: protection from shock
A ground-fault circuit interrupter compares the current going out with the current coming back. If a small amount leaks away, possibly through a person, it cuts power in a fraction of a second. GFCI protection belongs anywhere water and electricity meet:
- Bathrooms and kitchens
- Laundry areas
- Garages and unfinished basements
- Crawlspaces
- Outdoor outlets
- Pools, spas and hot tubs
It can be provided by a GFCI outlet, which also protects outlets downstream, or by a GFCI breaker.
AFCI: protection from fire
An arc-fault circuit interrupter listens for the electrical signature of arcing, the sparking of a damaged cord, a nail through a cable or a loose connection. Current code calls for AFCI protection on most living-area circuits, including bedrooms, living rooms and hallways. It is usually provided by a breaker in the panel.
Testing
Press the TEST button monthly. The device should click off and the RESET button should restore power. A GFCI that will not trip or will not reset should be replaced.
Why does mine keep tripping?
A GFCI that trips repeatedly is usually detecting real leakage: moisture in an exterior box, a failing appliance or damaged wiring. An AFCI that trips may be reacting to a worn cord or a loose connection. Both deserve proper troubleshooting instead of removal.
Adding protection to an older home
GFCI outlet installation is a quick, affordable upgrade. AFCI and dual-function breakers can often be added to an existing panel; see circuit breaker replacement. If the panel is too old to accept them, consider an electrical panel upgrade. An electrical inspection will show exactly where protection is missing.
KITMUND installs GFCI and AFCI protection in homes across Utah. Call (888) 633-7804.